Maupangiri Osankha Zopangira Ndalama: Kufananiza Ma Alloys ku Ntchito Yanu

Chifukwa Chake Kusankha Zinthu Kufunika Kwambiri pa Investment Casting

Ubwino waukulu wa Investment casting ndi ufulu wamapangidwe - ma geometries apafupi ndi net-shape, makoma opyapyala, ndi mawonekedwe amkati osatheka kukwaniritsa ndi kupanga kapena kuponya mchenga. Koma ufulu umenewo umadzutsa mavuto pa kusankha zinthu zakuthupi. Njira yopangira ndalama imayang'anira ma aloyi ku kutentha kwazitsulo zosungunuka zomwe zimasungidwa mu zipolopolo za ceramic, ndipo banja lililonse la alloy limalumikizana mosiyana ndi chilengedwe: zitsulo za kaboni zimakhululuka, magalasi osapanga dzimbiri amafuna mpweya woyendetsedwa, ndipo ma superalloys amafunikira kuwongolera bwino kwamafuta. Kusankha alloy choyambira chanu sichingakhale bwino ndi njira yopangira porosity, inclusions, ndi kuchedwa kubweretsa.

Mafunso Asanu Amene Amapanga Chisankho Chilichonse cha Aloyi

Musanatsegule zolemba, yankhani mafunso asanu awa ndi gulu lanu lopanga:

1. Kodi gawolo lidzanyamula katundu wotani? Mphamvu zosasunthika, kuthamanga kwapang'onopang'ono, ndikuwongolera mfundo iliyonse kumabanja osiyanasiyana a alloy.
2. Zidzakhala malo otani? Zida zowononga, kutentha kwapamwamba, ndi kukhudzana kwa abrasive kumachepetsa munda mwachangu.
3. Kodi kulolerana ndi zofunikira zapamtunda ndi ziti? Ma alloys ena amakhala olimba kwambiri kuposa ena.
4. Kodi gawolo lidzakonzedwa bwanji? Ma alloys olimba amawonjezera nthawi yopangira makina komanso mtengo wa zida.
5. Kodi pulogalamuyi imatsimikizira chiyani? Kufotokozera mochulukira ndiye cholakwika chofala - komanso chokwera mtengo kwambiri.

Zitsulo za Carbon ndi Low-Alloy: The Workhorses

Maphunziro apamwamba : AISI 1020/1030/1045, AISI 4130, AISI 4140/42CrMo4, AISI 8620, 16MnCr5

Mpweya wa carbon ndi low-alloy steels umakhala ndi ndalama zambiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ndalama, ndipo pazifukwa zomveka. Amapereka mphamvu yabwino kwambiri, kulimba, kutenthetsa, ndi mtengo wake - nthawi zambiri mtengo wotsika kwambiri pa kilogalamu ya aloyi yauinjiniya.

• AISI 1020/1030 (carbon carbon) : Yoyenera kumabulaketi, ma levers, nyumba, ndi zopangira pomwe mphamvu zolimbitsa (400-600 MPa tensile) zimakwanira. Wabwino makina.
• AISI 4130/4140 (chromium-molybdenum) : Chisankho chosasinthika chamagulu opsinjika kwambiri - matupi a hydraulic valve, ndodo zolumikizira, magiya, ndi zida zamafuta. 4140 yozimitsidwa-ndi-kupsya mtima imafika ku 930+ MPa mphamvu zolimba komanso kukana kutopa.
• AISI 8620 (nickel-chromium-molybdenum) : Imatchulidwa komwe kuli kolimba kwamilandu - magiya opanda kanthu, ma camshafts, ndi malo ovala omwe amafunikira chotengera cholimba cha carburized pachimake cholimba.

Mfundo yosankha : Ngati gawo lanu likugwira ntchito yochepera 300 ° C popanda kuwononga dzimbiri, chitsulo chochepa kwambiri chimakhala yankho lachuma kwambiri. Osasintha kukhala zosapanga dzimbiri popanda chifukwa choyendetsedwa ndi dzimbiri - mtengo wake ndi 2-4 ×.

Zitsulo Zosapanga dzimbiri: Kuwononga ndi Kukana Kutentha

Maphunziro apamwamba : CF8/304, CF8M/316, CA15/410, 17-4 PH, 2205 duplex

Zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zimayang'anira ma valve, pampu, kukonza chakudya, m'madzi, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala. Kuyika ndalama kumayendetsa bwino magiredi osapanga dzimbiri, ngakhale kusungunuka kowongoleredwa ndi zipolopolo ndikofunikira kuti tipewe kujambula kwa kaboni ndi ma oxidation inclusions.

• CF8 (304) : The ambiri-cholinga austenitic kalasi madzi, chakudya, ndi wofatsa mankhwala ntchito. Kukana bwino kwa dzimbiri, mawonekedwe abwino kwambiri, osagwiritsa ntchito maginito.
• CF8M (316) : Anawonjezera molybdenum kwa pitting kukana motsutsana mankhwala enaake - kusankha muyezo desalination, hardware m'madzi, matupi valavu mankhwala, ndi zida mankhwala.
• CA15 (410) / CA6NM (410NiMo) : Magiredi osapanga dzimbiri a Martensitic omwe amaphatikiza kukana kwa dzimbiri pang'ono ndi mphamvu yayikulu - amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa othamanga a turbine, trim valve, ndi ma shafts apompo.
• 17-4 PH : Mvula-Kuumitsa zosapanga dzimbiri kumapereka 1,100+ MPa mphamvu zolimba komanso kukana kwa dzimbiri. Njira zopangira ma valve ochita bwino kwambiri, zopangira mumlengalenga, ndi zida.
• Duplex 2205 : Pafupifupi kuwirikiza kawiri mphamvu zokolola za 316 ndi kukana kwamphamvu kwa chloride-corrosion corrosion, pantchito yakunyanja komanso yaukali yamankhwala.

Langizo losankhira : Fananizani giredi yosapanga dzimbiri ndi makina owononga. 304 imalephera m'malo a chloride pomwe 316 imapulumuka; 316 yokha imagonja kupsinjika-kusweka kwa dzimbiri komwe magiredi awiri sachita.

Ductile Iron ndi Gray Iron: Damping ndi Value

Maphunziro apamwamba : QT400-18, QT450-10, QT500-7, QT700-2, GG25

Ngakhale kuti zambiri zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kuponya mchenga, chitsulo cha ductile chimakhalanso ndi ndalama zopangira ndalama - makamaka pazigawo zomwe kuphatikiza kwake kwapadera kwa mphamvu, kunyowa, ndi kulimba kwachitsulo pafupi ndi chitsulo pamtengo wotsika kumakhala kotsimikizika.

• QT450-10 / QT500-7 : Nyumba zomanga, zothandizira zitsulo, kuyimitsidwa. Kukula kwa 7-10% kumapereka kulimba kwenikweni.
• QT700-2 : Kugwiritsa ntchito mwamphamvu kwambiri - malo omaliza oyendetsa, ma crankshafts, magiya - pomwe kugwedezeka kwamphamvu komanso mphamvu zopondereza zimafunikira.
• GG25 (iron imvi) : Makina opondereza ndi ma brake pomwe kutentha ndi kutenthetsa kumaposa zofunikira zamakomedwe.

Copper Alloys: Bearings ndi Marine Service

Makalasi odziwika bwino : C95800 NiAl bronze, C83600 mkuwa wofiira, C95400 aluminium bronze

Zosakaniza zamkuwa zimapeza malo omwe zitsulo sizingapiteko: malo omizidwa m'madzi, zokhala ndi matope, komanso zida zopanda cheche zamlengalenga wowopsa.

• C95800 Nickel-Aluminium Bronze : Mulingo wa propeller wa m'madzi - 600+ MPa tensile, cavitation yabwino kwambiri komanso kukana dzimbiri lamadzi am'nyanja, komanso anti-fouling.
• C95400 Aluminiyamu Bronze : mayendedwe amphamvu kwambiri, magiya, ndi mipando yamavavu yomwe imafunikira mphamvu yolemetsa kuposa ma bronzes wamba.

Superalloys ndi Zida Zapadera

Pazigawo za turbine ya gasi, makina otulutsa mpweya, ndi zida za petrochemical zomwe zimagwira ntchito pamwamba pa 600 ° C, kuponya ndalama ndi njira yokhayo yotheka. Cobalt-base (Stellite) ndi nickel-base alloys amakhalabe ndi mphamvu pa kutentha komwe zitsulo zakhala zikupereka kwa nthawi yayitali. Ntchitozi zimafuna zida zapadera zomwe zimatha kusungunula vacuum - gawo lomwe kusankha kwazinthu ndi kusankha kwa ogulitsa kumakhala kosagwirizana.

The Cost-Performance Reality Check

Mtundu wothandiza wamaganizidwe umayika mabanja wamba wa alloy potengera mtengo wazinthu:

1. Gray iron / carbon steel (zoyambira 1.0 ×)
2. Chitsulo chachitsulo (1.1 ×)
3. Chitsulo chochepa (1.2-1.5 ×)
4. 400-mndandanda wosapanga dzimbiri (1.5–2×)
5. 300-mndandanda wosapanga dzimbiri (2–3×)
6. 17-4 PH / duplex (3–4×)
7. Zosakaniza zamkuwa (3–5×)
8. Ma Superalloy (8–20×+)

Chitsanzocho chikuwonekera bwino: sitepe iliyonse yokwera pamakwerero imagula luso linalake - mphamvu, kukana dzimbiri, kapena kukana kutentha. Lipirani zomwe pulogalamu yanu ikufuna, osati yomwe gawo la mpikisano wanu limafunikira.

Momwe KST Casting Imathandizira Kusankha Kwanu Kwazinthu

Kusankha kwazinthu sikuyenera kuchitika pokhapokha pakupanga zinthu. Ku Ningbo Ruican, gulu lathu la mainjiniya limawunikanso RFQ iliyonse kuti igwirizane ndi momwe zinthu zilili musanatchule. Timapereka zidziwitso zochulukirapo zomwe zimakweza mtengo, kupereka malingaliro ofanana omwe amathandizira kuponya, ndikupereka ndemanga za DFM zomwe zimaphatikiza mawonekedwe ndi kuchepetsa makina. Ndi satifiketi ya IATF 16949, chitsimikiziro cha spectrometer pa kutentha kulikonse, ndi satifiketi yathunthu ya EN 10204 3.1, mumalandira chitsimikizo cholembedwa kuti alloy yomwe ili mbali yanu ndi aloyi yomwe mudatchula.