Kulekerera kwa Investment Casting Kufotokozedwa: Maphunziro a CT & Dimensional Precision Guide

Chifukwa Chake Kulekerera Chinenero Kumafunika Pakuponya

Mashopu opangira makina amalankhula molingana ndi magiredi a IT (ISO 286) - kulolerana koyezedwa mu zana la millimeter, komwe kumatheka pochotsa zinthu ndi zida zolimba, zosinthika. Foundries amalankhula chinenero chosiyana. Zigawo zotayidwa zimapangidwa ndi zitsulo zamadzimadzi zolimba mkati mwa nkhungu, ndipo kusiyanasiyana kwawo kumayendetsedwa ndi kulondola kwa mawonekedwe a sera, kukula kwa zipolopolo, alloy shrinkage, ndi gawo la geometry.

Muyezo wapadziko lonse lapansi wololera ndi ISO 8062 , womwe umatanthawuza mndandanda wa "Casting Tolerance" giredi - CT grade . Kutsika kwa chiwerengero cha CT, kumapangitsanso kulolerana. Kumvetsetsa komwe gawo lanu likugwera pamlingo uwu ndiye maziko a chisankho chilichonse chogula zinthu.

The CT Grade System Pang'onopang'ono

Magiredi a CT amagawira gulu lololera kutengera gawo lachidziwitso. Gawo lomwelo la CT limalola gulu lalikulu kwambiri pamlingo waukulu kuposa laling'ono. Monga momwe zimagwiritsidwira ntchito popanga chuma chachitsulo ndi chitsulo:

• CT4-CT5 - njira yabwino kwambiri yopangira ndalama zazing'ono (nthawi zambiri pansi pa ~ 50 mm) mu silika sol process
• CT5-CT6 - mtundu wokhazikika wamalonda wamabizinesi ambiri a silica sol mpaka ~200 mm
• CT6-CT8 - yofananira pakupanga magalasi amadzi ndi ma geometries akulu, ovuta kwambiri
• CT8-CT12 - gawo la mchenga ndikuponyera ndi kufa kwapamwamba komanso kusiyanasiyana kwa mzere

Poyerekeza, 100 mm dimension pansi giredi osiyana amapereka chithunzi akhakula: CT4 amalola za ± 0.26 mm, CT5 za ± 0.36 mm, CT6 za ± 0.5 mm, ndi CT9 - wololera mchenga kuponya chithunzi - pafupifupi ± 1.5 mm. Ichi ndichifukwa chake kusankha kwadongosolo kokha, musanapange makina aliwonse, kumakugulirani kuwongolera kawiri kapena kanayi pakulondola monga-cast.

Zomwe Zimayendetsa Kulekerera mu Investment Casting

Zinthu zinayi zimayang'anira komwe gawo lanu limafikira pamlingo wa CT:

1. Kulondola kwa chitsanzo cha sera. Mbali iliyonse ya kuponyera imatenga kulondola kwa ndondomeko ya sera yomwe inapanga izo. Jekeseni wamakono wa sera wokhala ndi aluminiyamu amafa amakhala ndi mawonekedwe ochepera mazana angapo a mamilimita, koma kufota kwa sera, kutentha kwa kufa, ndi kuthamanga kwa jakisoni zimasiyana pang'ono pakati pa kuwombera. Ichi ndiye choyamba - komanso chachikulu kwambiri - chomwe chimathandizira kusinthika kwamitundu, ndichifukwa chake kuthekera kowoneka bwino sikungasiyanitsidwe ndi mtundu wa zida zapatani.

2. Chipolopolo ndi khalidwe lachitsulo. Chipolopolo cha ceramic chimakula pang'ono powotcha, ndipo aloyi iliyonse imachepa pakulimba - chitsulo cha kaboni pafupifupi 2%, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri 2.5-3%. Shrinkage siili yofananira bwino: imatengera kusintha kwa makulidwe a magawo, malo oponyera, komanso momwe akatswiri oyambira amadyera. Magawo ovuta omwe ali ndi kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa magawo sangachepetse mofanana mbali zonse, ndipo akatswiri odziwa bwino ntchito amalipira izi mu ndondomeko ya kufa.

3. Gawo la geometry. Ziwalo zopyapyala zazitali zimatha kusokoneza pakuchotsa chipolopolo kapena kuchiza kutentha; mbali zokhala ndi mbali zolekanitsidwa kwambiri zimaunjikira pateni ndi zipolopolo zosiyanasiyana patali. Chigawo cha 400 mm kutali ndi datum sichikhala ndi gulu lomwelo ngati 40 mm kutali - osati chifukwa choyambira ndi chosasamala, koma chifukwa cholakwika chimachulukana patali.

4. Njira yopangira. Zipolopolo zamagalasi amadzi ndizotsika mtengo koma zokhazikika pang'ono kuposa zipolopolo za silica sol. Ngati kujambula kwanu kukuyitanira CT5 pa bolodi lonse, mukunena za silica sol - ndipo mtengo wake ukuwonetsa. Ngati CT7 ndiyokwanira pazinthu zosafunikira, galasi lamadzi likhoza kupambana mawuwo.

As-Cast vs Machined: Chisankho Chomwe Chimapulumutsa Ndalama Zambiri

Ntchito imodzi yofunika kwambiri pakugula zinthu ndikusankha chilichonse chomwe chili pachithunzicho kukhala zidebe zitatu:

Chidebe 1 - As-cast ndiyabwino. Malo osagwira ntchito, mawonekedwe ovomerezeka, mbiri zodzikongoletsera. Kutchula CT6 monga-cast apa ndikokwanira kwathunthu. Machining mbali izi ndi zinyalala koyera.

Chidebe 2 - Monga-kuponyedwa ndi gulu lolamulidwa. Zinthu zomwe zimagwirizana ndi ziwalo zofewa, zopezeka momasuka, kapena zonyamula zisindikizo zingafunike kuposa momwe zimakhalira. Oyambitsa atha kulimbitsa maguluwa ndi machitidwe odzipatulira odzipatulira, sampuli zochokera ku geji, ndi kusankha makina a datum preps - popanda kukonza kwathunthu.

Chidebe 3 - Iyenera kupangidwa ndi makina. Zokhala ndi ma bore, H8 / H7 yokwanira, mabowo okhala ndi ulusi, nkhope za gasket, malo okwera magiya. Palibe njira yoponya yomwe imapereka IT7 mwachindunji; zinthu izi kupeza Machining chilolezo cha 1.5-3 mm ndipo anamaliza pa CNC.

Zojambula zomwe bulangete zimatchula ± 0.05 mm kulikonse zimakakamiza oyambitsa kuti atchule makina athunthu amtundu uliwonse. Zojambula zomwe zimawoneka mwanzeru nthawi zonse zimapulumutsa 20-40% yazomwe zimapangidwa ndi makina. Tikawunika zojambula ku Ningbo Ruican, kuchitapo kanthu kwa ndowa ndi mtengo woyamba womwe timawonjezera - chitsulo chisanatsanulidwe.

Kusanja, Kuwongoka, ndi Mafoni Ena a Geometric

Makalasi a CT amaphimba kulolerana kwa kukula, koma kulolerana kwa geometric - kusalala, kuwongoka, malo - kumatsatira malingaliro awo. Kuthekera kowoneka bwino kwa chitsulo choponyera chitsulo cha 150 mm ndi kuzungulira kwa 0.5-1.0 mm. Ngati nkhope yosindikiza ikufunika kutsika kwa 0.05 mm, ndiye kuti makina opangira makina, kuyimitsa kwathunthu. Kulekerera kwa malo pamabowo oponyedwa kumadalira ngati mabowowo amaponyedwa kapena kubowoledwa: mabowo amatsatiridwa ndi kulondola kwa zida (pafupifupi ± 0.3-0.8 mm malo pamiyeso yocheperako), pomwe mapatani obowoleredwa amatengera kulondola kwa CNC (± 0.05 mm kapena kupitilira apo). Kutchula ma callout olimba pamabowo oponyedwa ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zodziwika bwino - komanso zomwe zingapeweke - kulolerana mochulukira zomwe timaziwona.

Momwe Mungawerengere Kulekerera kwa Foundry

Pamene wogulitsa akuti "tigwira CT5," funsani mafunso atatu:

1. Pa saizi yanji? CT5 pa 25 mm ndi yosiyana kwambiri ndi CT5 pa 300 mm. Funsani gulu lololera pazofunikira zanu zenizeni.
2. Pa ndondomeko yanji? silika sol kapena madzi galasi? Mtengo wamatchulidwe umakuwuzani, koma chojambula sichiyenera kuganiza.
3. Ndi kuthekera kotani? Chopeza chomwe chimatsata zotsatira zowoneka bwino pa CMM ndipo chimatha kunena mawu a Cpk pazinthu zofunika kwambiri ndi wotsatsa wosiyana ndi matebulo amodzi omwe amatchula. Pazigawo zofunika kwambiri pachitetezo kapena zamtundu wina, pemphani kuti muphunzire luso pazolemba zoyambirira.

Mndandanda Wothandizira Wopirira pa RFQ Yanu Yotsatira

• Tchulani kalasi ya CT yokhazikika ya gawolo (CT5 kapena CT6 ya silica sol ndi yofanana), kenaka tulukani pokhapokha pakufunika.
• Lembani malo opangidwa ndi makina momveka bwino ndikutanthauzira dongosolo la datum - akatswiri amafunikira ma data obwerezabwereza kuti agwiritse ntchito.
• Sungani chiwerengero cha miyeso yovuta yaying'ono. Zinthu khumi zofunika kwambiri zotsata Cpk zimamenya "zofunikira" makumi anayi momasuka.
• Perekani maziko ntchito ya gawo. Kudziwa kuti bore imanyamula chitsamba kumatilola kuti tiganizire kuphatikizika koyenera kwa kuwongolera ndi njira yowunikira.
• Funsani malipoti a gawo loyamba okhala ndi miyezo yeniyeni, osati kungodutsa/kulephera.

Pansi Pansi

Kuyika ndalama kumapereka kulondola komwe kumachotsa makina ambiri - koma pokhapokha chojambula chikalola. Ogula omwe amamvetsetsa magiredi a CT, amayika zida zawo pakati pa oponyedwa ndi makina, ndikukambirana zofunikira zogwirira ntchito momasuka ndi zoyambira nthawi zonse amapeza magawo omwe amakwanira, pamitengo yomwe imaposa zida zonse zomangika bwino komanso njira zoponyera zosalondola.

Ku Ningbo Ruican, timapanga silika ndi magalasi opangira magalasi amadzi okhala ndi kumalizidwa kwa CNC m'nyumba, ndipo timawunikanso zojambula zonse kuti tithe kulolerana tisanatchule - ntchito yomwe ikuphatikizidwa ndi RFQ yanu. Titumizireni gawo lanu lojambulira ndikukuwonetsani zomwe titha kupereka monga momwe zilili, komanso zomwe zimakupulumutsirani.

Mukufuna kuunikanso kulolerana komwe kulipo kale? Lumikizanani ndi gulu lathu la engineering kudzera pa www.kstcasting.com.